د ا رسة تحليلية لبعض المؤش ا رت الإقتصادية للبروتين الحيواني في مصر.

This study aimed at recognizing some economical parameters related to animal gap in protein in Egypt during the period (1998-2012). Results refer to an increasing trend in production, annual needs, appearance gap and subjectivity gap, during the period under study, estimated by 21.4, 12.8, 25.6, 29.9, 17.2 thousand ton/year respectively, while percent of self- sufficient take a decreasing trend reached 0.6 thousand/ton. As for white meat, results refer to an increasing trend in production, consumption annual needs, appearance gap and net food by estimated 26, 21, 9, 5, 11 thousand ton/year. And appearance of surplus estimated by 0.5%. Results of fish referred to the presence of increasing trend during the period of study in production, consumption, net food, annual needs, both appearance and subjectivity gap, and self- sufficient amounted by 54.5, 58.5, 1.1, 19.5, -4, -18 and 0.7 thousand ton/year respectively. Also, results showed that there is an increasing trend in production of egg, consumption, net food, annual needs and subjective surplus estimated by 11, 8, 11.5, 15.2, 15.4 thousand ton respective. Results of per capita consumption of red meat and fish showed a decreasing trend estimated by 0.2% and -1.6, while there was an increasing trend for per capita consumption of milk and egg estimated by 0.1% and 2.9% respectively. As for per capita consumption of animal protein, it was fluctuated from one year to another one in spite of taking an increasing trend during the first period of study reaches its maximum during 2003 estimated by 31.2 gm/day after that takes a decreasing trend reached to 23.8 gm/day at the end of the study period. Per capita consumption of red meat protein reaches the maximum during 2007 (6.8 gm/day) then take a decreasing trended and reach its lowest at the end of the period of study (4.6 gm/day) with an average estimated by 5.9 gm/day. The highest of per capita consumption of white meat reach 6.9 gm/day in 2003 and the lowest (4.8 gm/day) during 1998 with an average reach 4.8 gm/day. Per capita consumption of fish protein reach its highest during 2001 while it reach 7.4 gm/day and the lowest during 2008,2009 while reach 4.9 gm/day with an average 6 gm/day. Per capita consumption of milk protein reaches its maximum during the period 2003-2004 (9.6 gm/day) and reaches its minimum at the first of the study period (4.9 gm/day). As for per capita consumption of egg protein it characterized by fluctuating trend during the period of study, where it reach its maximum during 2012 (1.2 gm/day) and its minimum (0.5 gm/day) during 1998. This mean that individual in Egypt get at the highest per capita of animal protein from milk, which reach (31%) followed by fish protein (23%) followed by red meat protein (22.4%), followed by white meat (18.4%) and at last egg protein where it reach (4.5%). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

يُعتبر البروتين الحيواني من الأهمية بما كان لإحتوائه علي الأحماض الأمينية الحيوية المفيدة للنمو والصحة، والبروتينات المستمدة من الأغذية الحيوانية )اللحوم، والأسماك، والدواجن، وبيض المائدة، والألبان ومنتجاتها( عادةً ما تكون بروتينات كاملة لكونها تحتوي على جميع الأحماض الأمينية الضرورية وغير الضرورية، لذلك تعتبر بروتينات ذات قيمة غذائية عالية، وهو ما يفسر سبب إرتفاع قيمتها المادية، ويؤكد أيضاً ضرورة إحتواء الوجبات الغذائية للإنسان على مصدر أو أكثر من مصادر البروتينات الحيوانية حتى يضمن حصوله على الأحماض الأمينية الضرورية كلها في وقت واحد. وقد بلغ متوسط نصيب الفرد من الغذاء الحيواني والنباتي والسمكي حوالي 6,1،6 كجم/سنة، أي بما يقدر بحوالي 1,61 ج ا رم/يوم يمد هُ بنحو 4433 سعر ح ا رري، كما تمده بحوالي 1.301 ج ا رم بروتين منها 104, ج ا رم بروتين نباتي،,، 84 ج ا رم بروتين حيواني، كما تمده بحوالي 1608 ج ا رم/يوم دهن( 11 ). وعلي الرغم من أن معدل إنفاق الأسرة المص رية علي اللحوم والأسماك واللبن وبيض المائدة بلغ حوالي, 3,4 جنية/سنة يمثل حوالي 7) من إجمالي إنفاق الأسرة علي الطعام والش ا رب خلال عام ) % 3408 .8.18 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]