Clinical and Biochemical Profile Survey of Neonatal Seizures in a Tertiary Newborn Care Unit.

Background: To look into the frequency of metabolic abnormalities connected to newborn convulsions, in the newborn section of the Department of Pediatrics, Government Medical College, Ongole, Andhra Pradesh, India. It was decided to do research on the clinical signs as soon as they appeared and how they related to neonatal seizures. Material and Methods: Retrospective hospital-based research approach on neonates hospitalised to a Department of Pediatrics, Government Medical College, Ongole, Andhra Pradesh, India, from birth until 28 days after birth. The trial, which lasted from January 2022 to November 2022 involved 100 newborns. This study identified the metabolic abnormality is the most common cause of neonatal seizures. Results: The mean seizure onset day was 3.26, ranging from 1 to 17. (95% CI 2.40 to 2.72). In our study, 33 seizures (33%) started within 24 hours, 24--72 hours (days 1--3), 4--7 days (days 4--7), and more than 7 days (9%) respectively. Convulsions on the first day account for 91%. Mild seizures were experienced by 14 (56%) preterm babies; 7 (28%) of them were tonic, and 4 (16%) were clonic. There were mild, tonic, and clonic seizures in 75 term newborns. Preterm infants in my study experienced 56% more mild seizures than term infants. Compared to term babies, preterm infants experienced 28% fewer tonic seizures. 16% of preterm and 14.6% of natal clonic seizures occur. Conclusion: Convulsions in newborns are frequent. The progression of the disease as well as its long-term neurological prognosis, mortality, and morbidity are influenced by the various causes of newborn seizures. Quick assessment, diagnosis, and strong treatment are required to stop these consequences. Biochemical anomalies may be the primary or secondary issue. Transient abnormalities have a good prognosis and are simply treated. The prognosis and outcome of the newborn are improved and neurological repercussions are avoided when metabolic disorders are treated early. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]