不同土壤类型和利用方式下土壤酸缓冲性能分异及其机理探讨 ——以海南省为例.

[Objective] The differentiation aud mechauism of acid buffering capacity of typical soils in Hainan province under different soil types and laud use patterns were studied to provide theoretical basis for rational utilization and management of acidified soils in Hainan province. [ Method] In the summer of 2019, 33 sites in Hainau province were selected to collect the main types of soil ( latosol, latosolic red soil, yellow soil, dry red soil, coastal sandy and paddy soil) under typical vegetation types ( dry land, paddy field, forest land and garden land), and their acid buffering properties were studied. [Result] The acid buffering capacity of typical soils in Hainan province ranged from 3. 17 to 27. 70 mmoVkg, with an average value of 9. 01 mmoVkg. The tested soils were sensitive to acid. Under different land use patterns, the soil acid buffering capacity ( 12. 14 mmoVkg) of garden land was significantly higher than that of forest land, paddy field and dry land. Under different soil types, the acid buffering capacity of yellow soil ( 17. 13 mmoVkg) was significantly higher than that of latosol, lateritic red soil, dry red soil, coastal aeolian sandy soil and paddy soil. The acid buffering capacity of typical soils in Hainan province was significantly positively correlated with cation exchange capacity, specific surface area, clay content and silt content ( P < 0. 01), and significantly positively correlated with organic matter content, total exchangeable base and base saturation ( P < 0. 05). In addition, soil acid buffer capacity was significantly negatively correlated with pH ( H2 0) and sand content ( P < 0. 01), and significantly negatively correlated with exchangeable hydrogen ( P < 0. 05). There was one grade of slightly susceptible to acid damage in the tested soil, accounting for 3. 0%. There were 2 highly vulnerable soil grades, accounting for 6. 0%. There were 30 acid-vulnerable soils, accounting for 91. 0%. [Conclusion] The acid buffering capacity of garden soil is determined by cation exchange capacity under different land use patterns in Hainan province. The acid buffering capacity of dryland and woodland soils is determined by specific surface area, cation exchange capacity and base saturation. The acid sensitivity of paddy soil is determined by organic matter content Among different soil types, the acid buffering capacity of yellow soil is most affected by specific surface area The acid buffering properties of latosol and latosolic red soil are determined by the specific surface area Dry red soil is determined by cation exchange capacity; Coastal sandy soil is determined by pH ( H2 0) ; Paddy soil is determined by organic matter content. In the future agricultural production, the rational application of chemical fertilizers, the application of organic fertilizers or the use of soil acid regulators are conducive to improving soil acid buffering capacity and providing a good environment for agricultural production [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

【目的】通过研究海南省典型土壤酸缓冲性能在不同土壤类型和土地利用方式下的分异及其机理,为海南省酸化土壤的合理利用和管理提供理论依据.【方法】于2019年夏季选取海南省内33处地点,采集各典型植被类型(旱地, 水田, 林地和园地)下的主要类型土壤(砖红壤, 赤红壤, 黄壤, 燥红土, 滨海风沙土, 水稻土),对其酸缓冲性能进行研究.【结果】海南省典型土壤酸缓冲容量在3.17～27.70 mmol/kg,平均值为9.01 mmol/kg,供试土壤均对酸敏感.不同土地利用方式下,园地土壤酸缓冲容量(12.14 mmol/kg)显著高于林地, 水田和旱地.不同土壤类型下,黄壤酸缓冲容量(17.13 mmol/kg)显著高于砖红壤, 赤红壤, 燥红土, 滨海风沙土和水稻土.海南省典型土壤酸缓冲容量与阳离子交换量, 比表面积, 黏粒含量和粉粒含量呈极显著正相关(P<0.01),与有机质含量, 交换性盐基总量和盐基饱和度呈显著正相关(P<0.05),此外,土壤酸缓冲容量与pH(H2O)和砂粒含量呈极显著负相关(P<0.01),与交换性氢呈显著负相关(P<0.05).供试土壤中稍易受酸害等级有1个,占3.0%;极易受酸害等级土壤有2个,占6.0%;易受酸害等级土壤有30个,占91.0%.【结论】海南省不同土地利用方式下,园地土壤酸缓冲性能由阳离子交换量决定；旱地和林地土壤酸缓冲性能由比表面积, 阳离子交换量和盐基饱和度决定；水田土壤对酸的敏感性由有机质含量决定.不同土壤类型中,黄壤酸缓冲性能受比表面积影响最大；砖红壤和赤红壤酸缓冲性能由比表面积决定；燥红土由阳离子交换量决定；滨海风沙土由pH(H2O)决定；水稻土由有机质含量决定.在日后的农业生产中,合理施用化肥, 增施有机肥或采用土壤酸性调节剂等有利于提高土壤酸缓冲容量,为农业生产提供良好的环境. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]