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Increasing Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Ambient Air Pollution-Attributable Morbidity and Mortality in the United States.
In: Environmental Health Perspectives, Jg. 132 (2024-03-01), Heft 3, S. 37002-1- (12S.)
Online
academicJournal
Zugriff:
BACKGROUND: Ambient nitrogen dioxide (NO2) and fine particulate matter with aerodynamic diameter ≤2.5 μm (PM2.5) threaten public health in the US, and systemic racism has led to modern-day disparities in the distribution and associated health impacts of these pollutants. OBJECTIVES: Many studies on environmental injustices related to ambient air pollution focus only on disparities in pollutant concentrations or provide only an assessment of pollution or health disparities at a snapshot in time. In this study, we compare injustices in NO2- and PM2.5-attributable health burdens, considering NO2-attributable health impacts across the entire US; document changing disparities in these health burdens over time (2010– 2019); and evaluate how more stringent air quality standards would reduce disparities in health impacts associated with these pollutants. METHODS: Through a health impact assessment, we quantified census tract-level variations in health outcomes attributable to NO2 and PM2.5 using health impact functions that combine demographic data from the US Census Bureau; two spatially resolved pollutant datasets, which fuse satellite data with physical and statistical models; and epidemiologically derived relative risk estimates and incidence rates from the Global Burden of Disease study. RESULTS: Despite overall decreases in the public health damages associated with NO2 and PM2.5, racial and ethnic relative disparities in NO2-attributable pediatric asthma and PM2.5-attributable premature mortality have widened in the US during the last decade. Racial relative disparities in PM2.5-attributable premature mortality and NO2-attributable pediatric asthma have increased by 16% and 19%, respectively, between 2010 and 2019. Similarly, ethnic relative disparities in PM2.5-attributable premature mortality have increased by 40% and NO2-attributable pediatric asthma by 10%. DISCUSSION: Enacting and attaining more stringent air quality standards for both pollutants could preferentially benefit the most marginalized and minoritized communities by greatly reducing racial and ethnic relative disparities in pollution-attributable health burdens in the US. Our methods provide a semi-observational approach to track changes in disparities in air pollution and associated health burdens across the US. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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Increasing Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Ambient Air Pollution-Attributable Morbidity and Mortality in the United States.
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Autor/in / Beteiligte Person: | Kerr, Gaige Hunter ; van Donkelaar, Aaron ; Martin, Randall V. ; Brauer, Michael ; Bukart, Katrin ; Wozniak, Sarah ; Goldberg, Daniel L. ; Anenberg, Susan C. |
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Zeitschrift: | Environmental Health Perspectives, Jg. 132 (2024-03-01), Heft 3, S. 37002-1- (12S.) |
Veröffentlichung: | 2024 |
Medientyp: | academicJournal |
ISSN: | 0091-6765 (print) |
DOI: | 10.1289/EHP11900 |
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