Osnovne epidemiološke karakteristike bolničkih infekcija krvi i njihovih uzročnika.
In: Vojnosanitetski Pregled: Military Medical & Pharmaceutical Journal of Serbia, Jg. 63 (2006-02-01), Heft 2, S. 124-131
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Zugriff:
Background/Aim. Nosocomial bloodstream infections (BSI) contribute to grater morbidity and mortality rates, as well as to increasing length of hospital stay and health care costs. All patients with nosocomial BSI identified during the one-year period were studed to identify microbiological factors associated with these infections. Methods. A one-year prospective cohort study was performed in patients in intensive care units (ICU), and non-ICU patients. The patients were identified by active surveillance and positive blood cultures during the study period. The definitions of nosocomial BSI of the Center for Diseases Control and Prevention, Atlanta were used. Hospital laboratory detected growth in blood cultures, identified organisms, and performed susceptibility testing were in according with the American National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards. Results. The incidence of nosocomial BSI was 2.2 per 1 000 admission in non-ICU and 17.4 per 1 000 admission in ICU patients. The 28- day crude mortality rate was 44.9%. There were 60.3% primary nosocomial BSI. Gram-negative organisms accounted for 50%, gram-positive organisms accounted for 44.9%, and 4.1% were caused by fungi. The most common pathogens were coagulase-negative staphylococci (21.4%), Staphylococcus aureus (14.3%), Klebsiella spp. (13.3%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (8.2%), Acinetobacter spp. (7.1%). Methicillin resistance was detected in 64.3% of S.aureus and 100% of coagulasa-negative staphylococci. Vancomycin resistance in enterococci and staphylococci was not deteced. The proportion of ceftazidim resistance among K.pneumoniae isolates was 92%. Conclusion. This study might help to better understanding not only the characteristics of BSI, but also the featares of their causes, primarily the resistance of coagulase-negative staphylococci and S. aureus to methicillin, and of K. pneumoniae to ceftazidime. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Uvod/Cilj. Bolničke infekcije krvi (BIK) predstvaljaju aktuelan i jedan od najtežih problema u savremenoj medicini zbog svoje učestalosti, produženja hospitalizacije i povećanja troškova lečenja. Cilj ove studije bio je da prikaže osnovne karakteristike BIK i njihovih uzročnika u jednoj bolnici tokom jednogodišnjeg perioda. Metode. Rutinskim epidemiološkim nadzorom nad bolničkim infekcijama u jednogodišnjem periodu, prospektivno su registrovani svi bolesnici sa BIK prema kriterijumima Centra za prevenciju i kontrolu bolesti iz Atlante. Ispitanici su svrstani u dve grupe. U prvoj su bili bolesnici hospitalizovani u jedinicama intenzivne nege (JIN), a u drugoj bolesnici hospitalizovani u jedicinicama obične nege (JON). Upoređeni su i bolesnici sa BIK u JON i JIN, kao i preživeli i umrli bolesnici sa BIK u JON. Obrada hemokultura rađena je standardnim mikrobiološkim metodama, a rezistencija na antibiotike utvrđena je diskdifuzionim testom, uz primenu standarda i preporuka Američkog nacionalnog komiteta za laboratorijske standarde (NCCLS). Rezultati. Ukupna incidencija BIK u JON je 2,2 na 1 000 prijema, odnosno 17,4 na 1 000 prijema u JIN. Registrovan je i letalitet od 44,9%. Kod naših bolesnika bilo je 60,3% primarnih BIK. Gram-negativni mikroorganizmi bili su izolovani u 50% epizoda BIK, gram-pozitivni u 44,9, a gljive u 4,1 %. Koagulaza negativne stafilokoke (KNS) bile su najčešće registrovani uzročnici BIK (21,4%), a slede ga S. aureus (14,3%), Klebsiella spp. (13,3%), P. aeruginosa (8,2%) i Acinetobacter spp. (7,1%). Rezistencija na meticilin uočena je u 64,3% izolata S.aureusa i 100% izolata koagulaza negativnih stafilokoka. U peridu izvođenja studije nije registrovana rezistencija enterokoka i stafilokoka na vankomicin. Na ceftazidim bilo je rezisteno 92% K. pneumoniae. Zaključak. Ova studija je doprinela upoznavanju karakteristika BIK, kao i karakteristika njihovih uzročnika, pre svega rezistencije koagulaze negativnih stafilokoka i S. aureusa na meticilin i K. pneumoniae na ceftazidim. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Titel: |
Osnovne epidemiološke karakteristike bolničkih infekcija krvi i njihovih uzročnika.
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Autor/in / Beteiligte Person: | Šuljagić, Vesna ; Mirović, Veljko |
Zeitschrift: | Vojnosanitetski Pregled: Military Medical & Pharmaceutical Journal of Serbia, Jg. 63 (2006-02-01), Heft 2, S. 124-131 |
Veröffentlichung: | 2006 |
Medientyp: | academicJournal |
ISSN: | 0042-8450 (print) |
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