The role of cognition and reinforcement sensitivity in older adult decision-making under explicit risk conditions.
In: Journal of clinical and experimental neuropsychology, Jg. 43 (2021-04-01), Heft 3, S. 238-254
academicJournal
Zugriff:
Introduction : Previous research has suggested that individual differences in executive functions, memory and reinforcement sensitivity are associated with performance on behavioral decision-making tasks. Decision-making performance may also decline with age, however there is a lack of research on the interplay of cognitive and affective processes, and their impact on older adult decision-making. This study examined associations between executive functions, memory and reinforcement sensitivity on the Game of Dice Task (a measure of decision-making under explicit risk) among older adults. Method : One thousand and two older adults without cognitive impairment (aged 72-78 years) participated as part of an Australian longitudinal cohort study (the Personality and Total Health Through Life study). Decision-making sub-types were identified through cluster analysis and multinomial logistic regression was used to assess associations with measures of cognition and reinforcement sensitivity. Results : Cluster analysis identified three decision-making sub-types, which we label "advantageous," "disadvantageous" and "switching." Multivariate analyses found that relative to the mid-performing "switching" sub-type, advantageous decision-makers were more likely to be younger, male and have higher scores on a test of verbal learning. Disadvantageous decision-makers were more likely to have poorer scores on some components of executive function (set shifting, but not working memory or inhibitory control), although this effect was partly attenuated by a measure of reinforcement sensitivity (reward responsiveness). Conclusion : These results indicate that specific components of learning and executive functions are influential in decision-making under explicit risk among a sample of older adults.
Titel: |
The role of cognition and reinforcement sensitivity in older adult decision-making under explicit risk conditions.
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Autor/in / Beteiligte Person: | Sinclair, C ; Eramudugolla, R ; Brady, B ; Cherbuin, N ; Anstey, KJ |
Zeitschrift: | Journal of clinical and experimental neuropsychology, Jg. 43 (2021-04-01), Heft 3, S. 238-254 |
Veröffentlichung: | 2013- : London : Routledge ; <i>Original Publication</i>: Lisse : Swets & Zeitlinger, c1985-, 2021 |
Medientyp: | academicJournal |
ISSN: | 1744-411X (electronic) |
DOI: | 10.1080/13803395.2021.1909709 |
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