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Background: Nonhuman primates (NHPs) are fundamental for countless types of research and their phylogenetic similarities with humans make them valuable biomodels. Saimiri (squirrel monkeys) is the New World simian genus that is most widely used in research; however, little is known about the morphology of the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) of these animals.

Methods: The morphological and topographical aspects of GIT organs from 14 previously frozen carcasses of captive squirrel monkeys (Saimiri sciureus) were described as a means for refining clinical and laboratory diagnoses, with the aim of providing a basis for clinical assessments and animal management. The carcasses were gradually thawed, macroscopically evaluated for their appearance, measured, weighed, photographed, and necropsied. The characteristics of all the GIT organs (main and accessories) were evaluated, with measurement of the dimensions and description of the shape, consistency, and color of each one.

Results: The stomach of squirrel monkeys is simple and of non-compartmentalized type and the cecum does not have numerous folds, compared with other species. These characteristics are compatible with omnivorous simian species with no adaptive digestive specialization for the food fermentation process. Significant correlations were found between the weights of the carcass and GIT (p < .05); carcass and tongue (0.83; p < .01); and liver and right salivary gland (0.83; p < .01). It was also observed that the animals showed good body score conformation and GIT organs in good condition, which indicated that their nutritional management had been adequate. Regarding the correlations found among the organs: (i) squirrel monkeys with heavier carcasses had better-developed GIT with greater food storage capacity; (ii) the bigger the animal was, the greater its overall muscle development was, including that of the tongue, which would enable intensification of its feeding activity; and (iii) the measurements of the esophagus, small and large intestines, pancreas, and salivary glands were not sex-dependent in Saimiri sciureus.

Conclusions: Previously cryopreserved carcasses of squirrel monkeys can be used for gastrointestinal system studies, with the potential to make clinical, zootechnical, management, and scientific contributions.

Titel:	Morphometry of cryopreserved organs from the gastrointestinal system of squirrel monkeys (Saimiri sciureus, Linnaeus, 1758) for improvement of management.
Autor/in / Beteiligte Person:	Andrade, MCR ; Lemos, BRP ; de Araújo Lopes CA ; de Jesus Barbosa Ribeiro M ; da Silva LM ; Knackfuss, FB ; Viana, CF
Link:	Full Text Finder (Volltext)
Zeitschrift:	Journal of medical primatology, Jg. 52 (2023-02-01), Heft 1, S. 34-44
Veröffentlichung:	Copenhagen : Wiley ; <i>Original Publication</i>: Basel, New York, Karger., 2023
Medientyp:	academicJournal
ISSN:	1600-0684 (electronic)
DOI:	10.1111/jmp.12618
Schlagwort:	Humans Animals Saimiri Phylogeny Gastrointestinal Tract
Sonstiges:	Nachgewiesen in: MEDLINE Sprachen: English Publication Type: Journal Article Language: English [J Med Primatol] 2023 Feb; Vol. 52 (1), pp. 34-44. <i>Date of Electronic Publication: </i>2022 Aug 30. MeSH Terms: Gastrointestinal Tract* ; Humans ; Animals ; Saimiri ; Phylogeny References: Pissinatti A, Andrade MCR. Histórico. In: Andrade A, Andrade MCR, Marinho AM, Ferreira-Filho J: Biologia, Manejo e Medicina de Primatas não Humanos na Pesquisa Biomédica. Fiocruz Press, 2010, cap 1: 21-40. ; Andrade A, Andrade MCR, Marinho AM, Ferreira-Filho J. Biologia, Manejo e Medicina de Primatas não Humanos na Pesquisa Biomédica. Fiocruz Press; 2010. ; Fortman JD, Hewett TA, Halliday LC. The Laboratory Nonhuman Primate. 2nd ed. CRC Press; 2017. ; Torres LB, Araújo BHS, Castro PHG, et al. The use of new world primates for biomedical research: an overview of the last four decades. Am J Primatol. 2010;72:1055-1061. ; Araújo M. Ecologia Alimentar de Saimiri sciureus cassiquiarensis (LESSON, 1840) (Primates, Cebidae) em Florestas de Várzea da Amazônia Central Brasileira. (Thesis research) Universidade Federal do Pará e Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi, 2014. ; Backes AA, Paulino MF, Alves DD, Valadares-Filho SC. Tamanho relativo dos órgãos internos e do trato gastrintestinal de bovinos indubrasil e mestiços leiteiros em fase de engorda. Ciência Rural. 2010;40:1160-1165. ; Saísse AO, Borges CCA, Lopes CAA, Cysne LB, Andrade MCR, Tannouz VGS: Controle sanitário. In: Andrade A, Andrade MCR, Marinho AM, Ferreira-Filho J: Biologia, Manejo e Medicina de Primatas não Humanos na Pesquisa Biomédica. Fiocruz Press, 2010; 259-313. ; Brooks JW. Postmortem changes in animal carcasses and estimation of the postmortem interval. Vet Pathol. 2016;53:929-940. ; Russel WMS, Burch RL. The Principles of Humane Experimental Technique. Methuen & Co. Ltd; 1959. ; Cowley LH, Shackleford JM. An ultrastructural study of the submandibular glands of the squirrel monkey. Saimiri Sciureus J Morphol. 1970;132:117-135. ; Rowe N, Goodall J, Russel M. The Pictorial Guide to the Living Primates. Pogonias Press; 1996. ; Izawa K. Food and feeding behaviour of monkeys in upper Amazon Basin. Primates. 1975;16:295-316. ; Ayres JM. On a new species of squirrel monkey, genus Saimiri from Brazilian Amazonia (primates, Cebidae). Pap Avulsos Zool. 1985;35:147-164. ; Segantine ACL, Melo FCSA, Melo FR, et al. Morfologia do tubodigestório de Alouatta belzebul. Res Soc Dev. 2020;9:e5229108930. ; Ankel-Simons F. Primate Anatomy: an Introduction. 3rd ed. Elsevier Press; 2010. ; Abee CR, Mansfield K, Tardif SD, Morris T. Nonhuman Primates in Biomedical Research: Biology and Management. 2nd ed. Elsevier; 2012. ; National Research Council (NRC): Nutrient Requirements of Nonhuman Primates. 2nd ed. The National Academy Press; 2003. ; Wolfe-Cooter S. The Laboratory Primate. Elsevier Academic Press; 2005. ; Moura AMA, Viana CF, Fasano DM, Bravin JS, Nascimento LWF: Manutenção em Cativeiro. In: Andrade A, Andrade MCR, Marinho AM, Ferreira-Filho J: Biologia, Manejo e Medicina de Primatas não Humanos na Pesquisa Biomédica. Fiocruz Press; 2010, 161-206. ; Moore KI, Dalley AF, Agur AMR. Moore Anatomia Orientada para Clínica. 7th ed. Koogan; 2014. ; Bacalhao MBM. Firmino MO, Siqueira RAS, Ramalho AC, Cavalcante TA, Nery TFL, Guera RRl: Descrição morfológica de duas espécies de Sapajus encontradas na Paraíba: S. libidinosus e o recém-redescoberto e já criticamente ameaçado S. flavius. Pesqui Vet Bras 2016; 36:317-21. ; Lopes VPG: Parâmetros morfológicos corporais e do tubo digestivo de saguis híbridos Callithrix sp. (Mammalia: Primates) sob Influência da Sazonalidade. (Thesis research) Universidad Federal de Viçosa, 2017. ; Stevens CE, Hume ID. Comparative Physiology of the Vertebrate Digestive System. 2nd ed. University Cambridge Press; 1995. ; Coimbra-Filho AF, Rocha NC, Pissinatti A. Morfofisiologia do ceco e sua correlação com o tipo odontológico em Callitrichidae (Platyrrhini, Primates). Rev Bras Biol. 1980;40:177-185. ; Sunderland G, Sclfani A. Taste preference of squirrel monkeys and bonnet macaques for polycose, maltose and sucrose. Physiol Behav. 1988;43:685-690. ; Laska M. Taste preference thresholds for food-associated sugars in the squirrel monkey (Saimiri sciureus). Primates. 1996;37:91-95. ; Macitelli F, Berchielli TT, Morais JAS, Silveira RN, Canesin RC. Desempenho e rendimento de carcaça de bovinos mestiços alimentados com diferentes volumosos e fontes protéicas. R Bras Zootec. 2007;36:1917-1926. ; Wilson JR. Structural and anatomical traits of forages influencing their nutritive value for ruminants. International symposium on animal production under grazing. UFV, 1997;173-208. Contributed Indexing: Keywords: Saimiri sciureus; gastrointestinal system; morphometry SCR Organism: Saimiri boliviensis Entry Date(s): Date Created: 20220830 Date Completed: 20230109 Latest Revision: 20230213 Update Code: 20240513

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Morphometry of cryopreserved organs from the gastrointestinal system of squirrel monkeys (Saimiri sciureus, Linnaeus, 1758) for improvement of management.