A systematic review of the barriers, enablers and strategies to embedding translational research within the public hospital system focusing on nursing and allied health professions.

Aim: This systematic review aims to investigate, identify, and compare evidence related to the barriers, enablers, and strategies to embedding translational research within a public hospital system focussed on nursing and allied health disciplines.

Methods: A systematic review looking at the international literature on the barriers, enablers and strategies in embedding translational research within a public health system addressing nursing and allied health professions. The study channelled the PRISMA reporting guidelines for systematic reviews and meta-analyses. Databases searched were Medline, Embase, Scopus and Pubmed from January 2011 to December 2021 (inclusive). A quality assessment was conducted of literature using the mixed methods appraisal tool 2011 version.

Results: Thirteen papers met the inclusion criteria. The studies included were from Australia, Saudi Arabia, China, Denmark and Canada. Occupational therapy and physiotherapy were the only two allied health disciplines identified in the search process. The review found considerable inter-relationships between the enablers, barriers, and strategies to embedding research translation in a public hospital setting. Three over-arching themes 'leadership, organisational culture and capabilities' were developed to capture the complexity of factors in embedding translational research. Key subthemes identified were education, knowledge, management, time, workplace culture and resources. All thirteen articles identified that a multifactorial approach is required to embed a research culture and translate research findings into clinical practice.

Conclusions: The themes of leadership, organisational culture and capabilities are inherently intertwined and therefore successful strategies require a whole of health approach with organisational leadership driving the strategy, as changing organisational culture takes time and considerable investment. We recommend that public health organisations, senior executives and policy makers consider the findings of this review to provide evidence to initiate organisational changes to support and help create a research environment to drive research translation within the public sector.

Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

(Copyright: © 2023 Smith, Johnson. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.)