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Background: Within the same school class, it is usual to find children who differ in age by almost a full calendar year. Although associations between being relatively young and poor academic outcomes are well documented, and relatively consistent, the associations between being relatively young and psychosocial outcomes are less clearly documented.

Aims: To review research which presents data relating to associations between a child's relative age and their psychosocial development.

Methods: A systematic review was conducted and reported in accordance with PRISMA guidelines.

Results: Fifty-nine papers met the inclusion criteria. The outcomes of the narrative synthesis and three meta-analyses found consistent, but very small, associations with relative age indicating that those who are relatively young are more likely to have more negative behaviour, mental well-being, and social experiences.

Conclusions: Although being relatively young is associated with more negative psychosocial outcomes, the magnitude of these associations is consistently small. Furthermore, many of the outcome measures used are likely to be the result of multiple influences, not limited to the effects of relative age. Therefore, the findings are reassuring as they suggest that relative age itself is unlikely to substantially increase an individual's risk of poor psychosocial development.

Titel:	The impact of relative age effects on psychosocial development: A systematic review.
Autor/in / Beteiligte Person:	Rose, SE ; Barlow, CM
Link:	Full Text Finder (Volltext)
Zeitschrift:	The British journal of educational psychology, Jg. 94 (2024-03-01), Heft 1, S. 248-281
Veröffentlichung:	<2012-> : Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell ; <i>Original Publication</i>: Edinburgh : Scottish Academic Press, 2024
Medientyp:	academicJournal
ISSN:	2044-8279 (electronic)
DOI:	10.1111/bjep.12630
Schlagwort:	Child Humans Personality Schools Mental Health
Sonstiges:	Nachgewiesen in: MEDLINE Sprachen: English Publication Type: Systematic Review; Journal Article Language: English [Br J Educ Psychol] 2024 Mar; Vol. 94 (1), pp. 248-281. <i>Date of Electronic Publication: </i>2023 Aug 17. MeSH Terms: Schools* ; Mental Health* ; Child ; Humans ; Personality References: Alasker, F. D., & Olweus, D. (1993). Global self-evaluations and perceived instability of self in early adolescence: A cohort longitudinal study. Scandinavian Journal of Psychology, 34, 47-63. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9450.1993.tb01100. ; Ando, S., Usami, S., Matsubayashi, T., Ueda, M., Koike, S., Yamasaki, S., Fujikawa, S., Sasaki, T., Hiraiwa-Hasegawa, M., Patton, G., Kasai, K., & Nishida, A. (2019). Age relative to school class peers and emotional well-being in 10-year-olds. PLoS One, 14, e0214359. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0214359. ; Auger, N., Lo, E., & O'Loughlin, J. (2012). Risk of gambling onset in youth who are younger than same-grade peers. 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The impact of relative age effects on psychosocial development: A systematic review.