Effectiveness of Bivalent mRNA COVID-19 Vaccines in Preventing SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Children and Adolescents Aged 5 to 17 Years.
In: JAMA, Jg. 331 (2024-02-06), Heft 5, S. 408-416
academicJournal
Zugriff:
Importance: Bivalent mRNA COVID-19 vaccines were recommended in the US for children and adolescents aged 12 years or older on September 1, 2022, and for children aged 5 to 11 years on October 12, 2022; however, data demonstrating the effectiveness of bivalent COVID-19 vaccines are limited.
Objective: To assess the effectiveness of bivalent COVID-19 vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 infection and symptomatic COVID-19 among children and adolescents.
Design, Setting, and Participants: Data for the period September 4, 2022, to January 31, 2023, were combined from 3 prospective US cohort studies (6 sites total) and used to estimate COVID-19 vaccine effectiveness among children and adolescents aged 5 to 17 years. A total of 2959 participants completed periodic surveys (demographics, household characteristics, chronic medical conditions, and COVID-19 symptoms) and submitted weekly self-collected nasal swabs (irrespective of symptoms); participants submitted additional nasal swabs at the onset of any symptoms.
Exposure: Vaccination status was captured from the periodic surveys and supplemented with data from state immunization information systems and electronic medical records.
Main Outcome and Measures: Respiratory swabs were tested for the presence of the SARS-CoV-2 virus using reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction. SARS-CoV-2 infection was defined as a positive test regardless of symptoms. Symptomatic COVID-19 was defined as a positive test and 2 or more COVID-19 symptoms within 7 days of specimen collection. Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate hazard ratios for SARS-CoV-2 infection and symptomatic COVID-19 among participants who received a bivalent COVID-19 vaccine dose vs participants who received no vaccine or monovalent vaccine doses only. Models were adjusted for age, sex, race, ethnicity, underlying health conditions, prior SARS-CoV-2 infection status, geographic site, proportion of circulating variants by site, and local virus prevalence.
Results: Of the 2959 participants (47.8% were female; median age, 10.6 years [IQR, 8.0-13.2 years]; 64.6% were non-Hispanic White) included in this analysis, 25.4% received a bivalent COVID-19 vaccine dose. During the study period, 426 participants (14.4%) had laboratory-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection. Among these 426 participants, 184 (43.2%) had symptomatic COVID-19, 383 (89.9%) were not vaccinated or had received only monovalent COVID-19 vaccine doses (1.38 SARS-CoV-2 infections per 1000 person-days), and 43 (10.1%) had received a bivalent COVID-19 vaccine dose (0.84 SARS-CoV-2 infections per 1000 person-days). Bivalent vaccine effectiveness against SARS-CoV-2 infection was 54.0% (95% CI, 36.6%-69.1%) and vaccine effectiveness against symptomatic COVID-19 was 49.4% (95% CI, 22.2%-70.7%). The median observation time after vaccination was 276 days (IQR, 142-350 days) for participants who received only monovalent COVID-19 vaccine doses vs 50 days (IQR, 27-74 days) for those who received a bivalent COVID-19 vaccine dose.
Conclusion and Relevance: The bivalent COVID-19 vaccines protected children and adolescents against SARS-CoV-2 infection and symptomatic COVID-19. These data demonstrate the benefit of COVID-19 vaccine in children and adolescents. All eligible children and adolescents should remain up to date with recommended COVID-19 vaccinations.
Titel: |
Effectiveness of Bivalent mRNA COVID-19 Vaccines in Preventing SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Children and Adolescents Aged 5 to 17 Years.
|
---|---|
Autor/in / Beteiligte Person: | Feldstein, LR ; Britton, A ; Grant, L ; Wiegand, R ; Ruffin, J ; Babu, TM ; Briggs Hagen, M ; Burgess, JL ; Caban-Martinez, AJ ; Chu, HY ; Ellingson, KD ; Englund, JA ; Hegmann, KT ; Jeddy, Z ; Lauring, AS ; Lutrick, K ; Martin, ET ; Mathenge, C ; Meece, J ; Midgley, CM ; Monto, AS ; Newes-Adeyi, G ; Odame-Bamfo, L ; Olsho, LEW ; Phillips, AL ; Rai, RP ; Saydah, S ; Smith, N ; Steinhardt, L ; Tyner, H ; Vandermeer, M ; Vaughan, M ; Yoon, SK ; Gaglani, M ; Naleway, AL |
Zeitschrift: | JAMA, Jg. 331 (2024-02-06), Heft 5, S. 408-416 |
Veröffentlichung: | Chicago : American Medical Association, 1960-, 2024 |
Medientyp: | academicJournal |
ISSN: | 1538-3598 (electronic) |
DOI: | 10.1001/jama.2023.27022 |
Schlagwort: |
|
Sonstiges: |
|