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Purpose: To investigate the landing strategies used after discontinuing and continuing the use of a functional knee brace (FKB) while performing a drop jump.

Methods: Following published methodology and power analysis, 23 uninjured male athletes, mean age of 19.4 ± 3.0 years, performed seven tests, during three test conditions (nonbraced, braced and removed brace or continued brace use), over 6 days of 12 testing sessions (S) for a total of 38.5 h. Each subject was provided with a custom-fitted FKB. This study focuses on the single leg drop jump kinetics during S12 when subjects were randomly selected to remove the FKB after 17.5 h or continued use of FKB. The time to peak vertical ground reaction forces (PVGRF) and PVGRF were recorded on landing in eight trials.

Results: After brace removal, a significantly shorter mean time to PVGRF was recorded (9.4 ± 22.9 msec (3.9%), p = 0.005, 95% confidence interval (95% CI): -168.1, 36.1), while continued brace use required a nonsignificant (n.s.) longer mean duration to achieve PVGRF (19.4 ± 53.6 msec (8.9%), n.s., 95% CI: -49.7, 73.4). No significant mean PVGRF difference was found in brace removal (25.3 ± 65.8 N) and continued brace use (25.1 ± 23.0 N).

Conclusion: Removal of FKB after 17.5 h of use led to a significantly shorter time to achieve PVGRF, while continued brace use for 21 h required a longer duration to achieve PVGRF, suggesting faster and slower knee joint loading, respectively. Understanding the concerns associated with the use of FKB and the kinetics of the knee joint will assist clinicians in counselling athletes about the risks and benefits of using an FKB.

Level of Evidence: Level II.

Titel:	Functional knee brace use for 21 h leads to a longer duration to achieve peak vertical ground reaction forces and the removal of the brace after 17.5 h results in faster loading of the knee joint.
Autor/in / Beteiligte Person:	Rishiraj, N ; Taunton, JE ; Lloyd-Smith, R ; Regan, W ; Niven, B ; Woollard, R
Zeitschrift:	Knee surgery, sports traumatology, arthroscopy : official journal of the ESSKA, Jg. 32 (2024-05-01), Heft 5, S. 1096-1104
Veröffentlichung:	2024- : [Hoboken] : Wiley ; <i>Original Publication</i>: [Heidelberg, Germany] : Springer International, c1993-, 2024
Medientyp:	academicJournal
ISSN:	1433-7347 (electronic)
DOI:	10.1002/ksa.12135
Schlagwort:	Humans Male Young Adult Biomechanical Phenomena Time Factors Weight-Bearing Adolescent Adult Device Removal Braces Knee Joint physiology
Sonstiges:	Nachgewiesen in: MEDLINE Sprachen: English Publication Type: Journal Article Language: English [Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc] 2024 May; Vol. 32 (5), pp. 1096-1104. <i>Date of Electronic Publication: </i>2024 Mar 09. MeSH Terms: Braces* ; Knee Joint* / physiology ; Humans ; Male ; Young Adult ; Biomechanical Phenomena ; Time Factors ; Weight-Bearing ; Adolescent ; Adult ; Device Removal References: Ackerman DR, Ptasinski AM, Edmond T, Dunleavy ML, Gallo RA. Prophylactic knee bracing in offensive linemen of the National Football League: a retrospective analysis of usage trends, player performance, and major knee injury. Orthop J Sports Med. 2023;11:23259671231191767. https://doi.org/10.1177/23259671231191767. ; American Association of Orthopaedic Surgeons. Position paper: the use of knee braces No. 1124. 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Immediate effects of a knee brace with a constraint to knee extension on knee kinematics and ground reaction forces in a stop‐jump task. Am J Sports Med. 2004;32:1136–1143. https://doi.org/10.1177/0363546503262204. Contributed Indexing: Keywords: functional knee brace; kinetics; knee joint loading; noncontact ACL injury; prevention Entry Date(s): Date Created: 20240310 Date Completed: 20240423 Latest Revision: 20240423 Update Code: 20240424

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Functional knee brace use for 21 h leads to a longer duration to achieve peak vertical ground reaction forces and the removal of the brace after 17.5 h results in faster loading of the knee joint.