Inhibition of matrix metalloproteinases and toxicity of gold and platinum nanoparticles in L929 fibroblast cells.

This study evaluated the inhibition of matrix metalloproteases ( MMPs) and cellular responses elicited by gold (Au) and platinum (Pt) nanoparticles ( NPs). The interaction of MMP-1 and NPs was evaluated using an MMP assay kit. The cultured L929 cells were exposed to various concentrations of NPs. The cellular responses to NPs were examined using a cytotoxicity assay (that evaluated cell viability and lactic dehydrogenase production), real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR), and transmission electron microscopy. Both types of NPs, when used at concentrations above 10 μg ml −1 , inhibited MMP-1 activity. No cytotoxic effects were found when the cells were exposed to Au NPs. In contrast, Pt NPs, at both 100 and 400 μg ml −1 , induced cytotoxicity. No inflammatory responses (production of interleukin-6 and tumor necrosis factor-alpha) to NPs were identified by RT-qPCR. The negative surface charge of NPs ( COOH − ) binds to the Zn 2+ of the MMP active center by chelation, leading to MMP inhibition. Gold nanoparticles are plausible candidates for MMP inhibitors in resin-bonding materials because they effectively inhibit MMP-1 activity without cytotoxic or inflammatory effects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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