Razširjenost pesticidov v vodonosniku Dravskega polja. (Slovenian)

The article presents the results of a research on the occurrence and concentration of pesticides in the groundwater of the Dravsko polje aquifer in the period from 2013 to 2015. Based on the results, the evaluation of spatial distribution of pesticides in groundwater and the relation to land use was performed. In different hydrogeological periods, 76 groundwater samples were collected at 19 different locations. 15 pesticides with their metabolites in groundwater were identified. Despite the prohibition of use, atrazine and its degradation product desethylatrazine still remain the most commonly detected pesticides in groundwater. They are followed by metolachlor, desethylterbutylazine and terbutylazine. The pesticides alachlor, dimetamide, metazachlor and terbutrin were not detected. The analysis of detected pesticides by land use indicates higher values in areas with intensive agricultural activity. In the northern part of the Dravsko polje, where the city of Maribor is located, pesticide concentrations are lower. Increased pesticide values occur in the southern part of the Dravsko polje, which coincides with more intensive agricultural land use of the area. The coefficient of degradation product / primary pesticide ratio (DAR and DTA/ TBA) was used to estimate the "age" of contamination from atrazine and terbutilazine. Surprising is the high incidence of atrazine, which may result from old burdens, slow decomposition and hydrogeological conditions, or the use of atrazine after the enactment of the ban. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

V članku predstavljamo rezultate raziskave pojavnosti in koncentracij pesticidov v podzemni vodi Dravskega polja v obdobju 2013-2015. Na podlagi rezultatov smo ocenili prostorsko razširjenost pesticidov v podzemni vodi in jo povezali z rabo prostora. V obdobju dveh let smo odvzeli 76 vzorcev podzemne vode na 19 različnih lokacijah. V podzemni vodi smo določili 15 pesticidov z njihovimi metaboliti. Najpogosteje določen pesticid v podzemni vodi je še vedno atrazin in njegov razgradni produkt desetilatrazin. Sledijo mu metolaklor, terbutilazin in njegov razgradni produkt desetilterbutilazin. Pesticidi alaklor, dimetenamid, metazaklor in terbutrin niso bili določeni. Analiza zaznanih pesticidov z rabo prostora kaže na višje vrednosti na območjih z intenzivno kmetijsko dejavnostjo. V severnem delu Dravskega polja, južnem robu mesta Maribor, so koncentracije pesticidov manjše, povišane vrednosti pesticidov pa se pojavljajo v južnem delu Dravskega polja, kar sovpada tudi z intenzivnejšo kmetijsko rabo tal na tem območju. Z vrednotenjem razmerij med razgradnim produktom in primarnim pesticidom iz naslova atrazina in terbutilazina (DAR in DTA/TBA) smo ocenili »starosti« onesnaženja. Presenetljiva je visoka pojavnost atrazina, ki je lahko posledica starih bremen, počasne razgradnje in hidrogeoloških pogojev ali pa uporabe atrazina po uveljavitvi prepovedi uporabe. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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