Obrazovanje nacionalnih manjina u Hrvatskoj: usporedba socijalističkog poretka i višestranačke demokracije. (Bosnian)
In: Historical Journal / Historijski Zbornik, Jg. 72 (2019-07-01), Heft 2, S. 373-403
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Zugriff:
The education of ethnic minorities correlates with the type of a country's social and political order. In the case of Croatia, one can compare this education during socialism and in the federal Yugoslav state with the one in the independent Republic of Croatia. This work analyzes the education of ethnic minorities during the early phase of the socialist order, when the state was very centralized, ruled by a single party and followed the ideology of "Brotherhood and Unity." On a normative level, this included a division into constitutive nations (in Croatian: narodi) as well as ethnic minorities (Croatian: narodnosti), the latter of whom had home countries more or less in the vicinity of Yugoslavia. The following ethnic minorities were analyzed during the aforementioned period: Hungarians, Italians, Slovaks, Rusyns and Czechs. The foundation for the education of ethnic minorities was created during the Second World War. Specifically, the principles on the rights of ethnic minorities were set during the Second Session of the AVNOJ. The view established there was also adopted by all the federal subjects--thus, during the Third Session of the ZAVNOH, the following principle was featured: to secure all rights to a national life for all ethnic minorities in Croatia. The first Yugoslav constitution in 1946 and the constitutions of all the constituent republics guaranteed both the equality of all citizens before the law and equality in regard to ethnicity, race and religion, along with the prohibition of discrimination. This analysis also covers the period of multi-party democracy in the Republic of Croatia, when great changes among ethno-national groups occurred on the normative, sociopolitical and status levels. The status of previously constitutive nations was changed, leading to all the members of those groups in Croatia (Serbs, Muslims/Bosniaks, Montenegrins, Macedonians and Slovenes) being treated as ethnic minorities. Using three models of the education of ethnic minorities in Croatia (A, B, and C) as examples, this paper analyzes the participation of ethnic minorities in each of the models. This participation depends on the minorities' number of people, their political organization, their culture and tradition, how well their national identity is preserved, etc. The authors show which ethnic minorities'--and to what extent--use the educational system and its models (A, B, C) to preserve and strengthen their ethnic identities. They ask: To what extent is education a factor in the preservation of ethnic minorities and in their defense against assimilation, and how much does this education ease or make more difficult the minorities' integration into Croatian society? [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
U hrvatskom slučaju može se usporediti nacionalnomanjinsko obrazovanje u socijalističkom poretku i federativnoj državi s onim u višestranačkoj demokraciji i u Republici Hrvatskoj kao samostalnoj državi. U ovom se radu analizira nacionalnomanjinsko obrazovanje u socijalističkom poretku i to u njegovoj ranoj fazi, tada još izrazito centralizirane države s jednopartijskom vladavinom te ideologijom 'bratstva i jedinstva'. Iz tog razdoblja u radu su analizirane sljedeće nacionalne manjine: Mađari, Talijani, Slovaci, Rusini, Cesi. Nakon uvođenja demokracije u Hrvatsku, program nacionalnomanjinskog obrazovanja se diverzificira i pluralizira te uključuje više modela s mogućnošću potpunog obrazovanja na jeziku i pismu nacionalne manjine. Ako bi se usporedila nacionalnomanjinska nastava u socijalizmu s ponuđenim modelima A, B i C u demokratskom poretku, tada bi nastava za nacionalne manjine bila najbliža i usporediva s C modelom, sa tom razlikom da je u socijalizmu to bilo nešto obimnije od istoga sadržaja u C modelu. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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Titel: |
Obrazovanje nacionalnih manjina u Hrvatskoj: usporedba socijalističkog poretka i višestranačke demokracije. (Bosnian)
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Autor/in / Beteiligte Person: | BABIĆ, DRAGUTIN ; ŠKILJAN, FILIP |
Zeitschrift: | Historical Journal / Historijski Zbornik, Jg. 72 (2019-07-01), Heft 2, S. 373-403 |
Veröffentlichung: | 2019 |
Medientyp: | academicJournal |
ISSN: | 0351-2193 (print) |
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