СРАВНИТЕЛЬНОЕ ГИДРИРОВАНИЕ ХЛОПКОВОГО И ПОДСОЛНЕЧНОГО МАСЕЛ С ЦЕЛЬЮ ВЫЯВЛЕНИЯ ОСОБЕННОСТЕЙ ПОЛУЧАЕМЫХ САЛОМАСОВ (Belarusian)

Background. One of the fastest growing segments of the market for oil and fat products is hydrogenate oil margarine, which is due to a number of their advantages. In the country, the food industry is being modernized, among other things, it is fatty oil, confectionery, and the baking industry that is expanding. Margarine direction has expanded very widely and its raw materials demand for a substitute for milk fats, hydrogenate oil, transesterified fats is growing. Purpose of the work is to study the modification of hydrogenation of cotton and sunflower oils and to compare the data obtained, for selective saturation. Methodology. The study of the modification of oils and fats was studied by hydrogenation. The uncertainty of fatty acids in the composition of the oils of the samples was determined by the refractometric method. The oils were hydrogenated by adding a nickel catalyst, and the melting point was determined. Originality. The fatty acid composition was compared in terms of hydrogenation of the modification, since in terms of saturation and in decreasing iodine values of cotton and sunflower oils. Findings. By hydrogenating two types of oil, we achieved the selectivity of the catalyst, and studied the time of hydrogenation of cottonseed oil than sunflower oil, cottonseed oil has a much lower catalyst consumption since cottonseed oil hydrates faster than sunflower oil. According to the goal, they were compared by oil modification and the melting point of the obtained hydrogenate oil was determined. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Муаммонинг келиб чиқиши.Бугунги кунда Ўзбекистонда ёғ-мой корхоналари ва гидрогенизация саноати ҳом ашёсини кенгайтириш мақсадида кунгабоқар уруғини етиштириш амалга оширилмоқда. Кунгабоқар мойининг ёғ кислота таркиби пахта мойи таркибидан кескин фарқ қилади, чунки унинг таркибида линолен (С18:3) ва линол (С18:2) кислоталари кўп миқдорда мавжуд бўлади. Гидрогенизация жараёнида водород билан тўйиниш ҳисобига ушбу кислоталар ярим тўйинган ёки тўйинган ҳолатга ўтади. Пахта мойини гидрогенлашга нисбатан бу жараён узоқ давом этади. Шу билан бирга, кунгабоқар мойини гидрогенлаш пахта мойига нисбатан фақатгина тўйиниш вақтининг давомийлиги билан эмас, балки олинаётган саломаснинг сифат кўрсаткичлари билан ҳам фарқланади. Ишнинг мақсадиолинадиган саломасларнинг хусусиятларини аниқлаш мақсадида пахта ва кунгабоқар мойларини гидрогенлаш жараёнини қиёсий тадқиқ этишдан иборат. Методологияси. Ёғ ва мойларнинг модификацияси гидрогенлаш усули орқали ўрганилди. Намуна мойларининг таркибидаги ёғ кислоталарининг тўйинмаганлиги рефрактометрик усул билан аниқланади. Танлаб олинган мойларни гидрогенизацияси никелли катализаторда олинган саломаснинг эриш ҳароратини аниқлаш орқали амалга оширилган. Илмий янгилик.Пахта ва кунгабоқар мойларини гидрогенлаш орқали олинган саломасларни ёғ кислоталари ва триглицерид таркибларини, ҳамда ҳусусиятларини солиштириш. Олинган натижалар. Пахта ва кунгабоқар мойларини никелли катализаторда гидрогенлаш орқали физик-кимёвий ва реологик кўрсаткичлари бўйича бир-биридан фарқланувчи икки турдаги саломаслар олинган. Пахта ва мойларини қисман гидрогенлаш орқали олинган саломасларнинг ҳусусиятларини ўзгариши кўрсатилган. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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