Prognosis of shoulder pain in those with and without a psychological disorder: A prospective cohort study with a six-month follow-up.

BACKGROUND: Because shoulder pain can have an unfavorable prognosis, it is important to have a better understanding of factors that may influence recovery. OBJECTIVE: To determine the association between recovery from shoulder pain and the presence of depression, anxiety, and pain catastrophizing. METHODS: In a prospective cohort study with a six months follow-up, we included patients visiting an orthopaedic department with shoulder pain. Primary outcome was recovery from shoulder pain measured with the Shoulder Pain and Disability Index at three and six months. Information about depression and anxiety (Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale), pain catastrophizing (Pain Catastrophizing Scale), and demographic and clinical factors were collected at baseline. A linear mixed model was used to estimate the effects of depression, anxiety, pain catastrophizing, and underlying shoulder disorders on recovery. RESULTS: We included 190 patients. There were no statistically significant associations between the presence of depression, anxiety, and pain catastrophizing, and three- and six-month recovery. Also between the underlying shoulder disorders and recovery at three and six months, there were no statistically significant associations. CONCLUSIONS: We could not prove that depression, anxiety, and pain catastrophizing, as well as underlying shoulder disorders, were associated with recovery of shoulder pain at six months. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Back & Musculoskeletal Rehabilitation is the property of IOS Press and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)