吸水对甲基膦酸二甲酯接枝改性亚麻纤维 增强酚醛复合材料的阻燃性能和力学性能 的影响. (Chinese)

In recent years, plant fiber reinforced composites have been widely concerned because of their advantages of environmental protection, high specific modulus and low cost. In order to study the water absorption characteristics of flame retardant treated plant fiber reinforced composites, flax fiber reinforced phenolic composites (Flax/Phenolic，FP) were used as the research object. The flame retardant treatment of flax fiber was carried out by grafting dimethyl methylphosphonate (DMMP), and the optimal treatment process was explored. The water absorption of DMMP grafted composites and its influence on the flame retardancy and tensile properties of the composites were studied, compared with the physical impregnation method. The results show that DMMP grafting method has higher flame retardant efficiency and better water absorption resistance. Compared with physical impregnation method, the chemical bond formed by DMMP grafting is difficult to be destroyed by water molecules. After 30 days of water absorption, the limiting oxygen index (LOI), vertical combustion, heat release and smoke release of DMMP grafted composites have not changed significantly compared with those before water absorption, and the flame retardancy of DMMP grafted composites is well maintained after water absorption. On the other hand, the negative effect of grafting on the tensile properties of composites after water absorption is also lower than that of physical impregnation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

近年来, 植物纤维增强复合材料因具有绿色环保, 高比模量和低成本等优点被国内外广泛关注, 改 善其易燃和易吸水特性成为这些年的研究热点。为研究阻燃植物纤维增强复合材料的吸水特性, 以亚麻纤维 增强酚醛复合材料 (Flax/Phenolic, FP) 为研究对象, 利用甲基膦酸二甲酯 (Dimethyl methylphosphonate, DMMP) 接枝的方法对亚麻纤维进行阻燃处理, 探索最佳处理工艺。研究 DMMP 接枝阻燃复合材料的吸水性 及吸水对于复合材料阻燃性能和拉伸性能的影响, 并与物理浸渍法进行对比。结果表明：DMMP 接枝法具 有更高的阻燃效率和更好的抗吸水性能。相较于 DMMP 物理浸渍, 由 DMMP 接枝亚麻纤维所形成的化学键 难以被水分子所破坏, 吸水 30 天后, DMMP 接枝的复合材料的极限氧指数 (LOI), 垂直燃烧性能, 放热和烟 雾释放相较于吸水前并未发生明显改变, 吸水后阻燃性能保持良好。另一方面, 接枝法对于吸水后复合材料 的拉伸性能的负面影响也低于物理浸渍法。 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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