МАРКОВИ КУЛИ - СКОПЈЕ ИСТОЧНО ПОДГРАДИЕ. (Macedonian)

In the course of 2013 and 2014, near the archaeological site Markovi Kuli, Vodno, Skopje, Construction Company Granit performed construction work on the road that was supposed to connect the new settlement built on the move north of the village of Sopište named "Sončev Grad" with the existing road leading to Hotel Vodno, on the move over the ex-Hotel Panorama. Through the traced lane, from the initial destination near the village of Sopište, the road extends north, cuts the eastern branches of Mount Vodno in a length of about 4 km. On the third kilometre of this initial destination, while paving the road, the east suburb of the archaeological site of Markovi Kuli was damaged. Due to this situation during 2014, activities were undertaken for performing archaeological researches on the rest of the suburbs in order to determine the state of the archaeological contents. The purpose of the survey was to detect the entire alignment of the suburban defensive wall to determine the extent of the damage. The southern wall covers the southern wing of the suburbs. On the west side it binds for the route of the fortification of the fortress, and ends in the east with a defensive tower in length of 15 m, wide 1.90 m. On the west side, a structure with an irregular trapezoidal base with dimensions of 1.40x2.30 m, made of crushed stone and crushed stone, is set on the composition with the fortification wall of the fort. An entrance port, 2 m wide, built with angled exits at the ends, adapted for setting up the wooden single-leaf port, which was worn by an iron anchor carrier, placed on the eastern inner corner, is immediately attached to it. On the east side, the defensive wall ends with a defensive tower 1 set on the corner forming the southern and eastern defensive wall. Due to the large damage made from the construction activities and the very small preservation, it is difficult to determine the shape, although according to the rest of the part of its outer southern wall there is the impression that it is a quaternary tower. The eastern wall occupies the move from tower 1 to tower 3. It stretches from south to north in the length of about 55m. At the detected length of this move, besides the first, two more towers were discovered. The base is 1.90m wide, preserved at a height of 0.50 - 0.80m. From tower 1 to tower 2 it was discovered at a length of about 25 m, while tower 2 to tower 3 was discovered in a length of 20 m. The wall between tower 1 and tower 2 is highly damaged. In some parts it is completely degraded and destroyed by the aslope site. The dimensions of Tower 2 are 4.50x3.80 m. It is made of crushed and carved stone bound with lime mortar, identical to the previous tower 1, with walls 0.90 m wide. It is built with three external walls, while on the inside of the base it is completely open to its width. Tower 3 is at about 13 m distance from the previous tower 2. The base is almost quadrangular with dimensions of 4.20x4.50 m, built of large broken and tattered stone mud-bound, oriented west-east. The north wall extends in west-east direction, from the tower 4 to the east. On the eastern side, it was damaged and destroyed by the construction work on the road, and this move was preserved in the length of about 12 m. It starts with tower 4 set on the corner to which it connects with the western alignment, where it bends at an angle of almost 90° and continues east to the vertical profile of the road under construction, where it is interrupted. At the corner joining the west and north defensive walls, a defensive tower 4 was discovered, which was partially damaged by the construction work, but because of the aslope site of the terrain and the used mud-bound, suffered serious damage from the weather. In the content of probe 4, the composition of the fortress's fortified wall with the western wall of the suburbs was discovered. The dimensions of the probe are 5x2.5 m, oriented east-west. The wall is set on steep slope to tower 4, leaving minimal traces left. To strengthen the construction of this part of the defensive wall of the substructure from the fortification with the wall of the fortress to the north, the wall of the subgrade is 1.90 m wide at a length of 13 m, where it is shortened from the outside by a tongue 0.30 m. The remaining length to the angle on which it is assembled with the north wall is 1.60 m wide. Considering the fact that a defensive tower 4 is installed on this corner and with this construction element has equalized the width with the north wall, it is a clear intention for strengthening and stabilizing the defensive wall, and thus the overall defence concept of the settlement. Research has shown that the subgrade has two phases of construction. During the 5 th century when it was built, the suburbia existed until the end of the 6 th and the beginning of the 7 th century, as the first phase and during the 10 th -11 th centuries when it was renewed, until the period from the 13 th -14 th centuries, the second phase. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Во прилогот што следи, презентирано е истражувањето на одбранбениот ѕид на источното подградие на тврдината Маркови Кули, Скопје. По големите градежни активности, преземени со трасирање на патот што води до населбата Сончев Град северно од с.Сопиште, бе- ше оштетен дел од подградието. Со истражувањата e откриена целата траса на одбранбениот ѕид на подградието, при што беше констатирано оштетувањето на североисточната страна. Истражувањата покажаа дека подградието има две фази на градба. Во текот на V век кога било изградено, подградието егзистирало до крајот на VI - почеток на VII век, како прва фаза и во те- кот на X-XI век кога било обновено, до периодот од XIII-XIV век, втора фаза. Неколку наоди на мо- нети потврдуваат одредени активности и во текот на XV век, но, по овој датум, тврдината престанува на егзистира. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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