МЕДИЦИНСКИ И СОЦИАЛНИ АСПЕКТИ НА БРЕМЕННОСТТА В АДОЛЕСЦЕНТНА ВЪЗРАСТ – ЛИТЕРАТУРЕН ОБЗОР. (Bulgarian)

Teenage pregnancy is something that plays a role in the medical and social health concerns in Bulgaria as well as abroad. Our country holds a regrettable place in the championship regarding the "children giving birth to children" phenomenon. Getting pregnant and giving birth before the age of 20 is referred by the medical term 'adolescent pregnancy' Adolescence is a period in which hormonal, physiological and mental changes are observed in the girl's body. A crucial question is whether the adverse outcomes observed among mothers and children of teenage mothers are causally related to maternal age or are the result of something else. The goal of the current overview is to make a comprehensive review and analysis of the peculiarities of the medical and social characteristics of the adolescent pregnancy, their sexual and reproductive behavior in the specialized scientific literature at hand. A total of 318 articles by Bulgarian and foreign authors were analyzed. The search was limited by articles that are completed and comprehensive and are written in English, Bulgarian and Russian and published in peer-reviewed scientific journals. The results of the literature review show that there is a significant social risk for girls which give birth at the extremely early age of 15 or under. Getting pregnant and giving birth as a teenager carries a variety of risks both in terms of the fetal development as well as the well-being and maternal health of the mother. Adolescent pregnancy is accompanied by a large number of complications - hyperemesis, preeclampsia and eclampsia, gestational hypertension, gestosis, spontaneous abortions, iron deficiency anemia, etc. This requires specific integrated actions across of multitude of sectors. The intervention of the midwife and the women's consultation plays an essential role in the prevention of early pregnancy and the maternal and child health in adolescent age. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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