旅游疲劳的发生机制、多维特征与应对策略 ——基于扎根理论的探索性研究. (Chinese)

Fatigue is easy to occur and widespread in tourism activities, and it is a key variable that affects tourism experience. For a long time, tourism has been regarded as a positive activity to delight the body and mind, while tourists’negative state is often ignored. Fatigue has always been an important topic in psychology, behavioral science, transportation, and sports science. While tourism activities are always with high mobility and interactivity, tourism fatigue has not received enough attention. To address these research gaps, this paper adopts the grounded theory to conduct an exploratory study on the mechanism, multi- characteristics, and coping strategies of tourism fatigue. Following the principle of theoretical saturation, this study increases the data collection of specific locations and scenes, including Zhouzhuang, Huangshan Mountain, Nanjing Museum, and Western America. In this approach, the robustness of the results can be improved. This study interviewed 46 tourists and a theoretical model of tourism fatigue was built through open coding, axial coding, selective coding, and theory saturation testing. This paper finds that the tourism fatigue model consists of 4 main categories (inducing factors, fatigue performance, effects of tourism fatigue, and coping strategies) and 13 sub-categories. Tourism fatigue gradually happened under the combined actions of the subjective factors, mediating factors, and objective factors. It consists of four dimensions, physical fatigue, motivational fatigue, affective fatigue, and cognitive fatigue. Tourism fatigue has significant complex effects on tourist decision- making, experience quality, and revisit. Given these, tourists can mitigate fatigue through three strategies: Subject improving, mediator guaranteeing, and object controlling. This study has some theoretical and practical implications. Our study findings have both theoretical and practical implications. First, tourism fatigue model is a supplement to the existing theoretical system of tourism behavior. Second, tourism fatigue provides new variables for the research of decision-making, experience quality, and revisit. Third, this paper promotes the academic community to pay attention to the negative output of tourism activities. In practice, this study provides new pathways to improve the experience quality of tourists and the management and service of destinations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

疲劳在旅游活动中极易发生且普遍存在，是影响 旅游体验质量的关键变量。疲劳一直是心理学、行为科学、 交通运输、体育科学等领域的重要议题，但旅游疲劳的相关 研究尚处于探索阶段。文章在梳理已有文献和旅游实践的 基础上，采用扎根理论，对旅游疲劳的发生机制、多维特征与 应对策略进行了探索性研究。研究发现：旅游疲劳的框架体 系由 4 个主范畴（诱发因素、疲劳表现、行为效应和应对策 略）和13个范畴构成。旅游疲劳在主体因素、中介因素和客 体因素共同作用下逐渐形成，并表现出身体疲劳、兴趣疲劳、 情感疲劳和认知疲劳的多维特征，其对游客的行为决策、体 验质量和重游意愿均存在显著的复杂影响，可以通过主体提 升、中介保障和客体控制3方面策略对其进行预防和缓解。 旅游疲劳的探索为旅游行为研究提供了新的视角和内容，为 游客服务和景区管理提供了理论参考。 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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