Antibiotic Resistance of Streptococcus spp. Isolated from the Root Surface of Extracted Teeth to Penicillin V and Clindamycin Using E-Test.

Background: Antibiotics are used to treat and prevent oral infections. Clindamycin and penicillin are widely used drugs in this field. Poor use of antibacterial agents causes the emergence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria. Objectives: The present study examined and compared the frequency distribution of resistance of streptococci isolated from the root surface of extracted teeth to penicillin V and clindamycin. This study was conducted in 2021 in Yazd, Iran. Methods: Thiswas an analytical cross-sectional study performed in vitro. The sampleswere taken fromthe root surfaces of 50 teeth immediately after extraction and transferred to the laboratory in a transfermedium. After cultivation, isolation, and identification, the antibiotic resistance of isolates wasmeasured by the E-testmethod. The data were analyzed using SPSS software (version 23). Results: Streptococci spp. were isolated from 46 samples (92%) without environmental contamination. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) 50 andMIC 90 for penicillin V were 0.5 µg/mL and 1 µg/mL, respectively, and for clindamycin, 0.125 µg/mL and 0.19 µg/mL, respectively, which was significantly (P = 0.0001) lower for clindamycin. Intermediate sensitivity to penicillin V was 95.6%, and resistance to clindamycin was 21.8%. Conclusions: It seems that except inlimitedcaseswhere there is resistance to clindamycin, this antibiotic is amore effectivedrug to control the bacteria in themouth. However, in some cases, aerobic isolates showed intermediate sensitivity to penicillin V; instead, resistance to clindamycin was observed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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