U.S.-China Counterterrorism Cooperation: Issues for U.S. Policy: RL33001.
In: Congressional Research Service: Report, 2009-08-03, S. 1-34
report
Zugriff:
After the terrorist attacks on September 11, 2001, the United States faced a challenge in enlisting the full support of the People's Republic of China (PRC) in the counterterrorism fight against Al Qaeda. This effort raised short-term policy issues about how to elicit cooperation and how to address PRC concerns about the U.S.-led war (Operation Enduring Freedom). Longer-term issues have concerned whether counterterrorism has strategically transformed bilateral ties and whether China's support was valuable and not obtained at the expense of other U.S. interests. The extent of U.S.-China counterterrorism cooperation has been limited, but the tone and context of counterterrorism helped to stabilize-even if it did not transform-the closer bilateral relationship pursued by President George Bush since late 2001. China's military, the People's Liberation Army (PLA), has not participated in the counterterrorism coalition. The Bush Administration designated the PRC-targeted "East Turkistan Islamic Movement" (ETIM) as a terrorist organization in August 2002, reportedly allowed PRC interrogators access to Uighur detainees at Guantanamo in September 2002, and held a summit in Texas in October 2002. Since 2005, however, U.S. concerns about China's extent of cooperation in counterterrorism have increased. In September 2005, Deputy Secretary of State Robert Zoellick acknowledged that "China and the United States can do more together in the global fight against terrorism" after "a good start," in his policy speech that called on hina to be a "responsible stakeholder" in the world. The summits of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO) in 2005 and 2006 raised U.S. concerns. Since the summer of 2007, U.S. officials have expressed more concern about China-origin arms that have been found in the conflict involving U.S. forces in Afghanistan, as part of the broader threat posed by Iran and its arms transfers. Congress has oversight over the closer ties with China and a number of policy options. U.S. policy has addressed: law-enforcement ties; oppressed Uighur (Uyghur) people in western Xinjiang whom China claims to be linked to "terrorists"; detained Uighurs at Guantanamo Bay prison; Olympic security in August 2008; sanctions that ban exports of arms and security equipment; weapons nonproliferation; port security; military-to-military contacts; China's influence in Central Asia through the SCO; and China's arms transfers to Iran. On October 7, 2008, a judge ordered the release of the 17 remaining Uighurs detained at Guantanamo. A Court of Appeals reversed that decision on February 18, 2009. Congress has oversight of President Obama's efforts to transfer the Uighurs detained at Guantanamo to a third country or resettle them in the United States. On May 14, the Senate Appropriations Committee reported S. 1054 with a ban on use of the funds to transfer, relocate, or incarcerate detainees in the United States. The House and Senate passed, respectively on May 14 and 21, H.R. 2346, that included a ban on use of funds to release detainees to the United States. Meanwhile, on June 10, Palau announced its willingness to accept the remaining 17 Uighurs detained at Guantanamo. Then, suddenly, Bermuda accepted four of them on the next day. Later, in June, Palau's officials interviewed some of the 13 remaining Uighurs at Guantanamo, but they expressed fear for their protection from China. On June 26, the House Intelligence Committee reported H.R. 2701, that would require an unclassified summary of intelligence on any threats posed by the Uighurs who have been detained at Guantanamo. This report will be updated as warranted. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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Titel: |
U.S.-China Counterterrorism Cooperation: Issues for U.S. Policy: RL33001.
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Autor/in / Beteiligte Person: | Kan, Shirley A. |
Zeitschrift: | Congressional Research Service: Report, 2009-08-03, S. 1-34 |
Veröffentlichung: | 2009 |
Medientyp: | report |
ISSN: | 0731-7069 (print) |
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