Language-learning impairments: a 30-year follow-up of language-impaired children with and without psychiatric, neurological and cognitive difficulties.
In: International Journal of Language & Communication Disorders, Jg. 46 (2011-07-01), Heft 4, S. 437-448
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Aims: This study investigated the long-term consequences of language impairments for academic, educational and socio-economic outcomes. It also assessed the unique contributions of childhood measures of speech and language, non-verbal IQ, and of psychiatric and neurological problems. Aims: Methods & Procedures: The study was a 30-year follow-up of 198 participants originally diagnosed with language impairments at 3-9 years. Childhood diagnoses were based on language and cognitive abilities, social maturity, motor development, and psychiatric and neurological signs. At follow-up the participants responded to a questionnaire about literacy, education, employment, economic independence and family status. The response rate was 42% (198/470). Outcomes & Results: At follow-up a majority of the participants reported literacy difficulties, unemployment and low socio-economic status-at rates significantly higher than in the general population. Participants diagnosed as children with specific language impairments had significantly better outcomes than those with additional diagnoses, even when non-verbal IQ was normal or statistically controlled. Childhood measures accounted for up to 52% of the variance in adult outcomes. Conclusions & Implications: Psychiatric and neurological comorbidity is relevant for adult outcomes of language impairments even when non-verbal IQ is normal. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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Language-learning impairments: a 30-year follow-up of language-impaired children with and without psychiatric, neurological and cognitive difficulties.
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Autor/in / Beteiligte Person: | Elbro, Carsten ; Dalby, Mogens ; Maarbjerg, Stine |
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Zeitschrift: | International Journal of Language & Communication Disorders, Jg. 46 (2011-07-01), Heft 4, S. 437-448 |
Veröffentlichung: | 2011 |
Medientyp: | academicJournal |
ISSN: | 1368-2822 (print) |
DOI: | 10.1111/j.1460-6984.2011.00004.x |
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