Short-term additional enfuvirtide therapy is associated with a greater immunological recovery in HIV very late presenters: a controlled pilot study.
In: Infection, Jg. 40 (2012-02-01), Heft 1, S. 69-75
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Objectives: To evaluate whether the addition of enfuvirtide to standard highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) could confer immunovirological benefits in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected very late presenters. The current study is an open comparative therapeutic trial of standard protease inhibitor (PI)-based HAART ± additional enfuvirtide in treatment-naïve deeply immunologically impaired HIV-positive patients. Methods: Very late presenters (CD4 <50/mm), without tuberculosis and neoplasms, were alternatively allocated to two nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs) and lopinavir/ritonavir without (control arm, CO) or with (ENF arm) enfuvirtide 90 mg bid. Enfuvirtide was administered until the achievement of viral load <50 copies/ml and for at least 24 weeks. The primary objective was the magnitude of CD4+ cell recovery at 6 months. HIV RNA was intensively monitored in the first month, and, thereafter, monthly, as for CD4+ cell count and percentage, clinical data, and plasma drug concentrations. Results: Of 22 enrolled patients (11 per arm), 19 completed the study (10 in the ENF arm). Baseline CD4+ cell counts and % were comparable, with 20 CD4+/mm (12-37) and a percentage of 3.3 (1.7-7.1) in the ENF arm, and 16 CD4+/mm (9-29) and a percentage of 3.1 (2.3-3.8) in the CO arm, respectively. The baseline viral load was also comparable between the two arms, with 5.77 log10 (5.42-6) and 5.39 log10 (5.06-6) in the ENF and CO arms, respectively. Enfuvirtide recipients had higher CD4+ percentage at week 8 (7.6 vs. 3.6%, p = 0.02) and at week 24 (10.7 vs. 5.9%, p = 0.02), and a greater CD4+ increase at week 24 (207 vs. 134 cells/mm, p = 0.04), with 70% of enfuvirtide intakers versus 12.5% of controls who achieved a CD4+ cell count >200/mm ( p = 0.01). At 48 weeks, patients in the ENF arm had CD4+ cell counts higher than controls (251 vs. 153cells/mm, p = 0.04) and were also found to be faster in reaching a CD4 cell count over 200/mm: 18 (8-24) versus 48 (36-108) weeks ( p = 0.01). Viral load decay at week 4 was greater in the ENF arm (−3 vs. −2.2 log, p = 0.04), while the proportion of patients with viral load <50 copies/ml at week 24 was comparable. Conclusions: In this pilot study, the addition of enfuvirtide to a lopinavir-based HAART was shown to be associated with a significantly faster and greater immunological recovery in newly discovered HIV-positive patients with very low CD4+ cell counts. Induction strategies using an enfuvirtide-based approach in such subjects warrant further investigation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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Short-term additional enfuvirtide therapy is associated with a greater immunological recovery in HIV very late presenters: a controlled pilot study.
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Autor/in / Beteiligte Person: | Bonora, S. ; Calcagno, A. ; Cometto, C. ; Fontana, S. ; Aguilar, D. ; D'Avolio, A. ; Gonzalez de Requena, D. ; Maiello, A. ; Dal Conte, I. ; Lucchini, A. ; Di Perri, G. |
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Zeitschrift: | Infection, Jg. 40 (2012-02-01), Heft 1, S. 69-75 |
Veröffentlichung: | 2012 |
Medientyp: | academicJournal |
ISSN: | 0300-8126 (print) |
DOI: | 10.1007/s15010-011-0223-4 |
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