京津冀地区的生态质量定量评价. (Chinese)

The ecological quality symbolizes the capacity of sustainable development of regional economy and society, as well as the degree of stability and coordination between social production and human settlement environment. Therefore, how to quantitatively assess ecological quality and its change, as well as coordinate the relation between the ecological quality and urbanization, is becoming a hotspot of urban ecology. The Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei (BTH) urban megaregion, where urbanization developed rapidly and environmental problems became increasingly evident, was chosen as the study area. Then we calculated the ecological parameters including the vegetation fraction, biomass, and the percent cover of built-up land based on remote sensing data, and combined with vegetation fragmentation index, to develop a comprehensive index model of ecological quality based on RS indicators by using principal component analysis. The ecological quality and its dynamics in the BTH urban megaregion from 2000 to 2010 were quantitatively evaluated. The results showed that the ecological model constructed in this paper could be used to evaluate the ecological quality and change of city and region objectively and comprehensively. The index of ecological quality in BTH increased from 2.38 in 2000 to 2.84 in 2010, with a growth rate of 19.3%. The growth rate of 2000-2005 (12.2%) was higher than that of 2006-2010 (7.2%). Spatially, high values of the index were distributed in the north of the megaregion, while low values in the west and southeast. Ecological quality and its change varied greatly by cities. The ecological quality of Chengde was better than the other cities significantly, followed by Beijing, Qinhuangdao and Baoding, whereas Tianjin had the worst ecological quality. The ecological quality in Chengde, Beijing, Qinhuangdao and Baoding were higher than the average level of the entire BTH megaregion, while Langfang, Tianjin and Cangzhou were lower than the average level. Except for Tangshan, the ecological quality in all other cities was improved from 2000 to 2010. The ecological quality indices of Cangzhou and Hengshui were improved significantly, with growth rates of 520.5% and 171.8%, respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

生态质量的好坏标志着区域经济社会可持续发展的能力以及社会生产和人居环境 稳定可协调的程度, 如何定量评价区域生态质量状况与变化, 协调其与城镇化的关系, 日益成 为城市生态学研究的热点.本文选择城市化发展迅速、生态环境问题突出的京津冀城市群为 研究对象, 基于遥感技术反演京津冀城市群植被覆盖度、生物量和人工表面比例、植被面积百 分比等生态参数, 结合植被破碎化指数, 采用主成分分析法, 构建了基于遥感参数的生态质量 指数综合模型, 定量评价了2000-2010 年京津冀城市群生态质量及动态变化.结果表明: 本 文构建的生态模型可以更客观、综合地定量评估城市与区域的生态质量状况与变化.2000-2010 年, 京津冀城市群的生态质量指数从2.38 上升到2.84, 增幅达19.3%.其中, 2000-2005 年的增幅(12.2%)高于2006-2010 年(7.2%).从空间分布来看, 生态质量指数的高值区位于 京津冀北部, 西部、东南部较低.不同城市的生态质量状况及变化趋势不同.承德的生态质量状 况最好, 并显著高于其他城市；其次为北京、秦皇岛和保定；天津的生态质量最差.承德、北京、 秦皇岛和保定的生态质量高于京津冀地区的平均水平；廊坊、天津和沧州的生态质量明显低 于平均水平.2000-2010 年间, 除唐山外, 其他城市的生态质量均呈好转趋势.其中, 沧州、衡 水的生态质量指数提升最显著, 增幅分别达520.5%和171.8%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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