A propósito del monopolio gremial: Toledo, 1700-1837. (Spanish)

Based on a sample of 3044 guild master diplomas issued by the Toledo guilds between 1700 and 1837, this article aims to verify whether the so-called «corporate monopoly» was fulfilled in aspects such as entry to the guild or the origin of its members. The study is based on a medium-sized city, which has aroused much interest due to its centuries of splendor -xvi- and decline -xvii-; but little for the eighteenth century, in general, and its manufacturing activities, in particular. In the context of the European debate on craft guilds, it is important to emphasize the contribution of these medium-sized cities, as they allow us to weigh the large number of problems inherent in country-town relations, which include the role of immigration of future artisans from rural to urban areas or that of the leading cities in the issuance of certificates of skill to be able to operate in the towns. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A partir de una muestra de 3044 cartas de examen expedidas por los gremios de Toledo entre 1700 y 1837, este artículo pretende comprobar si se cumplía el denominado monopolio corporativo en aspectos como la entrada al gremio o la procedencia de sus integrantes. El estudio se basa en una urbe de tamaño medio que ha despertado mucho interés por sus siglos de esplendor -xvi- y ocaso -xvii-, pero poco por el siglo xviii, en general, y sus actividades manufactureras, en particular. En el contexto del debate europeo sobre los gremios es importante recalcar la aportación de estas ciudades medianas, pues permiten sopesar el gran número de problemas inherentes a las relaciones campo-ciudad, que incluyen el papel de la inmigración de futuros artesanos del medio rural al urbano o el de las ciudades cabecera en la expedición de los certificados de destreza para poder operar en los pueblos. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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